1. Generate Ssh Public Private Key Pair Windows

Save the text file in the same folder where you saved the private key, using the.pub extension to indicate that the file contains a public key. If you or others are going to use an SSH client that requires the OpenSSH format for private keys (such as the ssh utility on Linux), export the private key: On the Conversions menu, choose Export. The public key is like the keyhole, as it can be installed on any door or device that the matching private key should have access to. In terms of server administration, any device that has your public key installed will be able to authenticate you using your private key when you send it. How to Generate a Public and Private Keypair. Windows Users. Next open the public.pem and ensure that it starts with -BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-. This is how you know that this file is the public key of the pair and not a private key. To check the file from the command line you can use the less command, like this: less public.pem. Do Not Run This, it Exports the Private Key.

In this post I will be demonstrating how to generate an RSA private and public key pair for SSH authentication to a Linux server. Using key based authentication enhances security when accessing devices directly over the Internet via SSH because now instead of just needing to know a user name and password combination you need to have the private key in your possession so no matter how many times someone guesses a password if they do not have that private key they will not gain access unless there is an underlying flaw in the SSH protocol or some other piece of software your server is running that is not patched.

Generate the Keys

First you will need to navigate to your users home directory and create a new directory .ssh and navigate into the newly created ‘.ssh’ directory.

One thing to note on the 4th and 5th line it prompts you to enter a pass phrase for the key. You will most likely want to enter a pass phrase here because if you don’t all an attacker needs is the key to be able to login to the system.

If you want to be able to login without having to use a password at all you can just hit enter and it will be left blank but be aware that not attaching a pass phrase to your key is considerably more weak.

At this point if we list the files in our directory we will have a file ‘id_rsa’ and ‘id_rsa.pub’ the file with ‘.pub’ is the public key that the server will present when a client tries to authenticate and will stay on the server and the file without ‘.pub’ is the private key you will need to copy down to your client computer.

Rename Public Key

Depending on how you configure your SSH server you will need to rename your public key to match the name that the server will be looking for when presenting the public key to clients that are authenticating. Often times the default key file name is ‘authorized_keys’, so on the server issue the following command to rename ‘id_rsa.pub’ to ‘authorized_keys’.

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